Which component provides protection against electrical faults?

GFCI outlets, or Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters, are specifically designed to protect against electrical faults, particularly ground faults, which occur when there is a short circuit or leakage of current to the ground. They continuously monitor the current flowing through the circuit and can detect imbalances, shutting off the power within milliseconds if a problem is detected. This immediate response helps prevent electric shock, especially in areas where water is present, such as bathrooms or kitchens.

While circuit breakers also provide protection against overloads and short circuits, their primary function is to interrupt the circuit when too much current flows, which is a different type of protection. Transformers play a key role in changing voltage levels and do not directly provide fault protection, while electrical panels house the circuit breakers, fuses, and other protective devices but do not act as a protective component on their own. Thus, GFCI outlets are specifically designed for safety against ground faults, making them the correct choice.