What is the primary purpose of grounding in electrical systems?

The primary purpose of grounding in electrical systems is to provide a safe path for electric current. Grounding serves as a critical safety measure by ensuring that in the event of a fault—such as a short circuit or equipment failure—the excess current has a direct route to the ground. This not only helps to protect electrical equipment from damage but also minimizes the risk of electric shock to individuals who may come into contact with the system. By directing stray current safely into the ground, grounding systems help maintain stability in the electrical system and ensure that circuit breakers or fuses operate effectively to interrupt power in case of an overload.

The other options, while related to electrical systems, do not accurately describe the primary function of grounding. Grounding does not directly enhance electrical conductivity, improve lighting conditions, or increase the voltage of the system; its main role is centered on safety and protection.